Unity in Diversity: Romans 14-15:13
Navigating Conscience in Romans 14–15:13
This lesson explores Paul’s vital instruction to the divided Roman church, addressing the tension between the "strong" Gentile believers, who exercised freedom regarding diet and days of observance, and the "weak" Jewish believers, who adhered to stricter customs. Paul reframes the conflict not as a matter of right versus wrong, but as an opportunity for mutual upbuilding, arguing that the Kingdom of God is defined not by eating and drinking, but by righteousness, peace, and joy in the Holy Spirit. By examining the nature of stumbling blocks and the role of individual conscience, this study challenges believers to suspend judgment and prioritize love. Ultimately, we look to Christ as the supreme example: the "strongest" of all who willingly submitted Himself to serve others, welcoming us so that we might welcome one another.
Romans 14:1 - 14:12
Who are the two dominant groups in the Roman church?
- Gentile believers: Who were the only ones in the church when the Jews were kicked out of Rome.
- Jewish believers: Who have since returned to Rome and found themselves in a weaker position.
What characterizes the “strong”?
They freely eat meat, drink wine, and don’t strictly observe holidays.
What characterizes the “weak”?
Strict diet and strict observance of holidays.
Why is meat such a big deal?
- Some meat was sacrificed to idols.
- They abstain in order not to inadvertently eat anything sacrificed to an idol.
What makes something good?
- Honoring the Lord.
- Giving thanks to God.
Who will we give an account to? What does this mean for passing judgement?
God only.
Do not judge others as you are not their master; do not let the judgment of others keep you from doing what you know is not wrong.
Romans 14:13 - 14:23
What should we never do?
- Pass judgment.
- Put a stumbling block in the way of a brother.
What is a stumbling block?
Anything that hinders someone’s walk with Jesus.
How does the conscience change whether or not something is a sin for a person?
If they believe it to be a sin, then it is a sin for them — because in doing it, they do it to gratify themselves and not honor God.
What’s the difference between a strong and weak conscience as a Christian?
- Strong: Recognizes “good” and “bad” has to do with Fruit of the Spirit types of things, not opinions; non-legalistic about customs, traditions, opinions, or actions.
- Weak: Places more emphasis on right action, strict custom. Legalistic, can sometimes equate non-relational action with Fruit of the Spirit.
What should someone with a strong conscience do to help the person with a weak conscience?
Don’t force their freedom — if someone thinks doing something is wrong, don’t make them do it and so hinder their faith.
What should someone with a weak conscience do to help the person with a strong conscience?
Don’t judge them — have grace, and love them even when they do something you don’t agree with.
What is the kingdom of God not? And what is it about?
- Not: eating and drinking.
- Is: righteousness and peace and joy in the Holy Spirit.
What should we pursue then?
Peace and mutual upbuilding.
Romans 15:1-13
How does Jesus give us a good example?
Jesus was the strongest of the strong, but he submitted himself to the Jewish law and customs in order to remove all stumbling blocks from all people.